Electro-optical sensors — those that sense light at a variety of different spectra — enable warfighters to see at night, detect disturbed soil that might suggest the presence of roadside bombs, detect missile launches, and find tiny boats at sea. While these sensors bolster the U.S. military claims to “own the night,” the battlefield capabilities that modern electro-optical sensors offer are poised for revolutionary improvements that promise to increase sensor ranges; enhance image resolution; reduce sensor size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP); and identify targets automatically through artificial intelligence (AI).